1. Why did Hindenburg's advisers agree to the appointment of Hitler as chancellor in January 1933?
Hindenburg's advisers agreed to the appointment of Hitler as chancellor in January 1933 because Hindenburg convinced the advisers that they could tame Hitler by surrounding him with responsible conservative ministers. Basically they believed that Hitler couldn't cause any trouble as long as he was out-numbered. Also, they agreed because Hindenburg and his advisers thought that Hitler's supporters would be willing to change the government int a restructured, conservative government. Hindenburg and the adivers wanted a conservative government and thought that they could achieve this with Hitler's supporters because he became so popular.
2. Why is the term "totalitarianism" used to describe Nazi Germany?
"Totalitarianism" is used to describe Nazi Germany because the government was under the control of Hitler and his party, the Nazi Party. Also, Hitler drastically changed Germany within years he became chancellor and then Fuehrer. He changed the restrictions on the military, foreign policies, education, the press, the churches, and the arts. He also made laws saying that he had full power, basically. He made laws that took away people's rights that they recieved under the Weimer Republic, such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion. It was very clear that Hitler was taking away many rights from German citizens and that he was trying and obtaining power of Germany.
3. Why did the Enabling Law allow Hitler to overcome the constitutional restraints of the Weimar system?
The Enabling Law of March 24, 1933 allowed Hitler to overcome the constitutional restraints of the Weimer system because it allowed Hitler to make laws and regulations without the interference from the other cabinet members, the Reichstag, National Council, and the President. Hitler could make these regulations so long as it didn't effect the position of the Reichstag and National Council, and it didn't hinder or disturb the President's powers in any way. Now Hitler could make any law he wanted so long as it didn't effect these people.
4. What was the goal of Goebbels' Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda?
The goal of Goebbel's Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda was to inspire people to follow what he and Hitler were doing and going to do. In other words, the goal was to inspire people and to make them patriotic; Goebbels would go back to how Germany was embarrassed and this would raise patrioticism in citizens because they would want revenge. For example, at the Mass Book Burning on May 10th, 1933 Goebbels describes the burning of the books as forgetting the past and the Weimer Republic being destroyed being a good thing because a new and improved government and Germany is going to better and stronger. This inspired people to serve their country and work for Germany's greatness so they could possibly get revenge and become a strong country.
5. How did Hitler destroy potential sources of opposition?
Hitler destroyed potential sources of opposition by making them look really bad by blaming them for crimes, and by making laws. Hitler when he first became Chancellor blamed the KPD or the Communist Party for setting fire the Reichstag, and right on que the government arrested and communist who supposidly set the fire. Therefore, people believed that the Communist Party really did set the fire and this made them very unpopular, so the party lost votes and therefore seats. The other parties, such as SPD and Center Party, also became unpopular and lost seats. Also, Hitler made the Law Concerning the Formation of New Parties in July 14th, 1933. This law said that there were no other parties to be organized or made except for the National Socialist German Workers' Party, and if parties were to organize or formed they would be sent to jail. Therefore, people were afraid to make or organize parties because they would be sent to jail and probably die, so no new parties were made or organized. So Hitler had no other parties to worry about excpe the National Socialist German Workers' Party, which was probably under his influence anyways.
6. Which laws served as the first steps in Hitler's plan to eliminate Germany's Jewish community?
The laws that served as the first steps in Hitler's plan to eliminate Germany's Jewish community were the Nurember Laws on Citizenship and Race (September 15, 1935), Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor (September 15, 1935), and Supplementary Decree on Citizenship (November 14, 1935). The Nurember Laws on Citizenship and Race said that only pure German blood would have rights, therefore the Jewish people would have no rights because they aren't completely German. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor said that "pure" German citizens and Jewish people couldn't marry. The law also said that Jews couldn't employ "pure" German people as their servants and they couldn't show the Reich, national flag, or national colors. The Supplementary Decree on Citizenship said that a Jewish person cannot be a citizen of the Reich or Germany, couldn't vote, or be in public office. Jewish officials could only be in an office position until December 31, 1935 where after that they would be retired. It also specifically classified a person as being Jewish by saying that they had to be descendants of at least three grandparents who were both jewish or descendent of two full Jewish grandparents.
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